Email: fwliu@gate.sinica.edu.tw
Phone: (886-2) 2652-3442
Fax: (886-2) 2785-5836
現職
/ Current Position
中央研究院民族學研究所副研究員(2006∼迄今)
Associate Research Fellow, Institute
of Ethnology, Academia Sinica (2006~present)
學歷
/ Education
Ph.D. (with Distinction), Anthropology, Syracuse
University, 1997
M.A. Anthropology, Syracuse University, 1992
B.A. 國立
B.A.
國立政治大大學新聞系
(Journalism, National Chengchi University, Taiwan), 1983
經歷
/ Professional Experiences
哈佛大學燕京學社訪問學者
(2003-04)
Visiting Scholarship, Harvard-Yenching
Institute, Cambridge, MA., USA (2003-04)
中央研究院民族學研究所助研究員（1999-06）
Assistant Research Fellow, Institute of
Ethnology, Academia Sinica (1999-06)
美國Colgate
University社會暨人類學系訪問助理教授
(1997-98)
Visiting Assistant Professor, Sociology &
Anthropology Department, Colgate University, USA
(1997-98)
美國雪城大學人類學系兼任講師
(1992, 1995-1997)
Instructor, Anthropology Department, Syracuse
University, USA (1992, 1995-1997)
天下雜誌（資深）資料研究
(1983-1988)
(Senior) Research Librarian,
CommonWealth Magazine, Taiwan (1983-1988)
【研究專長 / Research Interests】
文化人類學、音聲、表意、女書
Cultural Anthropology, Voice, Expression, Female
Literature (Nüshu)
女書作品範例：三朝書、結拜姊妹書
【著作目錄】更新日期：2011.2.14
出版論文／Selected
Publications
|
Accepted |
Expressive Depths:
Dialogic Performance of Bridal
Lamentation in Rural
South China. Journal of
American Folklore |
|
Forthcoming |
Text, Practice, and Life Narrative:
Bridal Lamentation and a Daughter’s
Filial Piety in Changing Rural China.
Modern
China |
|
2010a |
情義、性別與階級的再現與超越：梁祝敘說與文體之音。戲劇研究 5:27-68.
[PDF]
Righteousness, Romance, and
Transcendence: Gender, Class, and
Generic Expressive Niches of Liang-Zhu
Narratives. Journal of Theater Studies
5:27-68.
[PDF] |
|
2010b |
Narrative, Genre, and Contextuality: The
Nüshu-Transcribed Liang-Zhu Ballad in Rural South China. Asian Ethnology 69(2): 241-264.
[PDF] |
|
2007 |
開顯Geertz的深描闡微：女書文本的敘說、閱讀與展演。
臺灣人類學刊
5(1)：63-107.
[PDF]
Elaborating on Geertz’s “Thick
Description”: From Text to Reading,
Narration, and Performance. Taiwan
Journal of Anthropology 5(1):
63-107.
[PDF] |
|
2005 |
文本與文境的對話：女書三朝書與婦女的情意音聲。臺灣人類學刊
3(1):87-142。
[PDF]
Text, Context, and
Women's Voices in Nüshu Wedding
Literature (Sanzhaoshu).
Taiwan Journal of Anthropology
3(1):87-142. |
|
2004a |
From Being to Becoming:
Nüshu and Sentiments in a Chinese
Rural Community. American Ethnologist
31(3):422-439.
[PDF] |
|
2004b |
Literacy, Gender, and
Class: Nüshu and Sisterhood
Communities in Southern Rural Hunan.
Nan Nü:
Men, Women, and Gender in Early and
Imperial China 6(2):241-282.
[PDF] |
|
2004c |
The
Confrontation between Fidelity and
Fertility: Nüshu, Nüge and
Peasant Women's Conceptions of Widowhood
in Jiangyong County, Hunan Province,
China. In Women and Gender
Relations: Perspectives on Asia — Sixty Years of
the Journal of Asian Studies,
Susan Mann, ed. Pp. 133-167. Ann Arbor,
MI: Association for Asian Studies, Inc.
(Originally published in Journal of Asian Studies 60(4):1051-1084.)
[PDF] |
|
2003a |
書寫與歌詠的交織：女書與湖南江永婦女的雙重視維。臺灣人類學刊
1(1):1-49。
[PDF]
The Interweave of Writing and Singing:
Nüshu, Nüge, and Women's Dual
Visions in Jiangyong, Hunan Province.
Taiwan Journal of Anthropology
1(1):1-49. |
|
2003b |
從「以情為意」到「意由境轉」：江永女書與「訴可憐」。刊於情、欲與文化，余安邦主編，頁225-288。
臺北：中央研究院民族學研究所。
[PDF]
From "Sentiments as Statements" to "the
Meanings of Sentiments as
Context-Prompted": Nüshu and
Misery Lamentation in Jiangyong. In
Affect, Desire, and Culture, Yu
An-bang, ed. Pp. 225-287. Taipei:
Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica. |
|
2001 |
The Confrontation between Fidelity and
Fertility: Nüshu
(Female Literature), Nüge
(Female Songs), and Peasant Women's
Conceptions of Widowhood in Jiangyong
County, Hunan Province, China.
Journal of Asian Studies 60(4):1051-1084.
[PDF] |
|
1996 |
Song of Widowhood: Nüshu (Women's
Books), Nüge (Women's Songs) and
Women's Liminal Identity in Jiangyong
County, Hunan Province, China.
Proceedings of the 1995 Maxwell
Colloquium. Maxwell School, Syracuse
University. |
會議論文與學術講演／Selected Presentations
|
2011a |
Nüshu
and Spinster Deity in Changing Rural China.
Paper presented at
the 2011 annual meeting of Association
for Asian Studies, March 31-April 3,
Hawaii, USA. |
|
2011b |
在時代變局與文化傳承的十字路口：女書何去何從？女書文化研討會。日本成城大學主辦，二月二十八日，日本東京。
Whither to Go:
Nüshu
at the Crossroads between Social Change
and Cultural Preservation.
Paper presented at
the Nüshu Culture Seminar, organized by
Seijo
University, February 28, Tokyo,
Japan.
|
|
2010a |
Daughterhood, Marriage, and Filiality in
Changing Rural China.
Paper presented at
the 2010 annual meeting of Association
for Asian Studies, March 25-28,
Philadelphia, USA. |
|
2010b |
Nüshu and the Politics of Silence.
Invited speech given at
Department of
Anthropology, Syracuse University, March
29, USA. |
|
2010c |
女書的生命感知。高雄市性別平等教育相關議題研討會專題講座，高雄市教育局主辦。八月二十日，高雄。
Nüshu
and Women’s Sense and Sensibility.
Invited speech
given at the Education of Gender
Equality Seminar, Department of
Education of
Kaohsiung, August 20,
Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
|
|
2010d |
女書的民俗學意涵。發表於女書習俗搶救保護研討會。中國民間文藝家協會、湖南省文化廳、永州市人民政府主辦，八月二十八日。北京。
The Folkloristic Significance of
Nüshu.
Paper presented at
Salvaging
Nüshu
Conference, organized by Association of
Chinese Folklore Scholars, Cultural
Department
of Hunan Province, and People’s
Government of Yongzhou, August 28, Beijing,
China.
|
|
2010e |
Text, Practice, and Life History: Hu
Meiyue and Her
Nüshu
Narratives.
Paper presented at
the annual meeting of Taiwan Society for
Anthropology and Ethnology as part of
Research Report of Research Grant funded
by National Science Council, October
2-3, Taipei,
Taiwan. |
|
2009a |
From Text to Practice: Filial Piety of
Daughters in Southern Rural China.
Paper
presented at the joint conference of
“East by Southeast: Multiple
Perspectives on Asia,” Taiwan Society
for Anthropology and Ethnology and
Society for East Asian Anthropology of
American Anthropological Association,
July 2-5, Taipei, Taiwan. |
|
2009b |
性別、文本與展演。發表於中央研究院民族學研究所主辦之第六屆人類學營，九月七日∼十日，台灣東華大學。
Gender, Text, and Performance.
Lecture
given at the 6th Anthropology Study Camp
organized by Institute of Ethnology of
Academia Sinica, Sep. 7~10, held at
Donghua University, Taiwan. |
|
2008 |
Righteousness, Romance, and
Transcendence: Gender, Class, and Genre
in the Narratives of Liang Shanbo and
Zhu Yingtai. Paper presented at the
International Workshop on Narration and
Genre. Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, June 19-20. |
|
2007 |
From Lamenting Sentiments to Moral
Sentiments: The Dialogic Performance of
Bridal Laments in South China.
Paper
Presented at the
106th annual
Meeting of American Anthropological
Association, November 28-December 2,
Washington, D.C. |
|
2005 |
The Filial Piety of
Daughters in Southern Rural Chna.
Paper
presented at the
Fourth International Convention of Asian
Scholars, Shanghai, China, August 20-24. |
| 2004a |
Reconstructing the Performance of an
Extinct Oral Tradition: Nüge in Southern
Rural China. Invited speech given at
Global Affairs Institute, Syracuse
University, February 18, USA. |
| 2004b |
女書、人類學與漢學研究之對話。發表於哈佛大學燕京學社儒學研討會，三月二十二日。
Nüshu, Anthropology, and Sinology.
Speech given at the Confucianism Series,
Harvard-Yenching Institute, March 22,
Cambridge, MA, USA. |
| 2004c |
Reconstructing the Performance of an
Extinct Oral Tradition: Nüge in Southern
Rural China. Invited speech given at
Harvard-Yenching Institute, March 22,
Cambridge, MA, USA. |
| 2004d |
女書的文本、互為文本，與展演。發表於「儒學工作會議：現代性與本土化學術研討會」，哈佛大學燕京學社主辦，六月四∼五日，Cambridge,
MA, USA.
Text, Intertextuality, and Performance
of Nüshu. Paper presented at
Confucianism Workshop on Modernity and
Localization. Harvard Yenching
Institute, June 4-5, Cambridge, MA, USA. |
| 2003 |
女書三朝書、地方知識，與現代性。發表於「第十八屆中國文化研討會」，哈佛大學燕京社主辦，十一月二十二日，Cambridge,
MA, USA.
Nüshu Sanzhaoshu (third-day book), Local
Knowledge, and Modernity. Paper
presented at the 18th Annual Conference
of Chinese Culture, Harvard Yenching
Institute, Nov. 22, Cambridge, MA, USA. |
| 2002a
|
「言書之外」與「說寫之間」：女書、女歌與湖南江永婦女的情意空間。發表於文化差異與社會科學通則：紀念張光直先生學術研討會，中央研究院歷史語言研究所、民族學研究所、
臺灣史研究所籌備處、語言學研究所籌備處共同主辦，臺北南港，3月1-2日。
The Interaction between
Literacy and Orality: Nüshu, Nüge,
and Women's Expressive Space in Jiangyong, Hunan Province.
Paper presented at
Cultural Difference and
General Laws of the Social Sciences: A
Conference in Honor of Professor K.C.
Chang, Institutes of History and
Philology, Ethnology, and Taiwan
Studies, Academia Sinica, Taipei, March
1-2. |
| 2002b |
I Lament therefore I Am and Become:
Nüshu in Rural Jiangyong,
Hunan Province, China. Paper Presented at
the annual meetings of Chinese Oral and
Performed Literature, Washington, DC, April 4. |
| 2001
|
Being to Becoming:
Female-specific Literature and
Women's Sentiments of "Lamenting the
Miserable" in a Chinese Rural Community.
Paper Presented at
the 100th annual meetings
of American Anthropological Association, Washington, DC, November 28-December 2. |
| 2000
|
Locating an Unrepresented Female
Identity: The Performance of
Female-Specific Wedding Literature in
Southern China.
Paper Presented at
the annual meetings of American
Folklore Society, Columbus, OH, October
27-30. |
| 1999
|
從「以情為意」到「意由境轉」：江永女書與訴可憐，發表於情與文化學術研討會，中央研究院民族所主辦，6月4-5日。
From "Sentiments as Statements" to "the
Meanings of Sentiments as
Context-Prompted": Nüshu and
Lamentation.
Paper presented at the
workshop on Sentiment and Culture,
Institute of Ethnology, Academia Sinica,
Taipei, June 4-5. |
| 1998
|
Historiographical and Epistemological
Differences between Genders.
Paper presented at the 97th
annual meetings of American
Anthropological Association,
Philadelphia, December. |
| 1997a
|
Female Literature and Women's Dilemmas
in Transforming Identity:
Nüshu in Southern China.
Paper presented at the annual
meetings of Association for Asian
Studies, Chicago, March.
|
| 1997b |
Marriage as an Incomplete Rite of
Passage: Textual as well as Performative
Analyses of
Nüshu
in Southern China.
Paper presented at
the 96th annual meetings of American
Anthropological Association,
Washington, DC, November. |
| 1996
|
The Power of Writing: The Male-illegible
Female Literature in Southern China. Paper
presented at the 95th annual
meetings of American Anthropological
Association, San Francisco,
November. |
| 1995a |
Nüshu
and the Images of Widowhood in China. Paper
presented at the annual
meetings of Association for Asian
Studies, Washington, DC, April. |
| 1995b |
The Power of Melody:
Nüshu
in Southern China.
Paper presented at
the 94th annual meetings of American
Anthropological Association, Washington,
DC, November. |
其他／Miscellaneous
| 2010 |
Heroines of Jiangyong: Chinese Narrative
Ballads in Women’s Script
by Wilt Idema (book review).
Nan
Nü:
Men, Women, and Gender in Early and
Imperial China.
12:172-174.
[PDF] |
| 2008 |
女書的情意空間。中央研究院週報 1171:5-7.
[PDF]
Nüshu: Peasant Women’s
Reflections and Sensibilities in
South Rural China. Academia Sinica
E-News 67 (May 22).
[PDF]
|
| 2006 |
願起緣生，能用隨舞。刊於心開法喜，周貝芬總編輯，頁402-426。
臺北：佛乘宗世界弘法總會。
[PDF]
Vow-Taking Nourishes Affinity, Activates
Energy and Exercises Effect.
In Mind Opening up to Dharma with Great
Joyfulness, Zhou Bei-fen, ed., Pp.
402-426. Taipei:
Fosheng Buddhism World Center. |
| 2005 |
廣結善緣─—第二屆人類學研習營會議報導（與林音秀合著）。國科會人文處簡訊
6(4): 31-42。
[PDF]
Establishing
Affinity—Activity Report on the 2nd
Anthropology Study Camp. Humanities
and Social Sciences Newsletter Quarterly
6(4):31-42. |
【研究旨趣
／Research
Statement】
|
本人的研究是以湖南省江永縣農村婦女所使用的「女書」和「女歌」為主，透過田野調查，輔以文獻研究，來探討「表意深度」（expressive
depths）這一課題。女歌（如民歌、山歌或哭嫁歌）並非江永縣所獨有，而是中國南方（包括少數民族）婦女在1949年以前，很普遍的一種表意文化；相對而言，女書卻是獨一無二的。女書的獨特性主要有三。其一，它只在江永縣東部和東北部地區（包括鄰近道縣的少數幾個村落）流傳；其二，它可能是目前世上唯一以婦女為主要使用團體的文字系統（當地男子大抵不識得女書）；其三，女書雖說是「書」，但一定要用「唱」的方式來表達，這使得女書和當地婦女的女歌傳統若即若離，無法一分為二。有了女書，漢字不識得幾個的江永農村婦女，便可藉此書寫結交姊妹信函，或用以撰寫「三朝書」，以做為致贈新娘的結婚賀禮，它也可以是一種記錄的工具──把當地流行的漢文民間唱本譯成女書，像是「三姑記」和「祝英台」等等，方便婦女唱誦娛樂。但不管是女書還是女歌，更多的婦女則是以之來「訴可憐」，或是訴己、或是訴她、或是以她人之憐。來訴一己之怨。在一己與他人的交融下，個人的憐與怨反映了婦女的共同命運；甚且在人與我、憐與怨的交相投射中，映照出當地農村婦女說不斷、理還亂的情思糾葛。本人的研究主旨之一就是透過女書、女歌，來處理「表意」的相關課題。
「表意」（expression）的議題在此特別強調，不只是因為女書、女歌牽涉到性別、階層、情感與意理、口語和文字等表達的問題，更重要的是，它也涉及到「解碼」（decoding
& decontextualization）的複雜性。人類學的主要研究取向之一，即在揭示並瞭解「本土觀點」（native
points of view）。所謂「本土」，指的不只是以文化為分析單位，他如性別、階層、種族、年齡等組成的團體，也都能因其社群的獨特性，而建構出自成一格的觀點。所謂「觀點」，涉及的不僅是對事情的看法、意見、認識論或價值觀，還包括情感與情緒
(sentiments & emotions)。前者（認知）向來就是人類學界研究的主要範疇；至於後者（感知），雖說為早期人類學者所輕忽，但近一、二十年來，已逐漸引起學界的重視。惟尚不為大多數人類學者所正視的，是觀點所涉及的表達或展演（performance）等議題。然而，若不能掌握某一被研究團體的表達方式和特性，吾人不免會有聽而不聞、視而不見、察而不覺之蔽。在人類學界，對民俗研究或常民生活有興趣的學者，已注意到表達的重要性，但在
臺灣和中國的人類學者或漢學家，或許是受中國文化太重視文字傳統的包袱所累，往往重意理（conception,
ideology, and value），而輕表意所牽涉到的種種複雜面向，包括textuality,
contextuality, performance, tunes, genre,
orality vs. literacy, and narrative logic等層次，這幾個層次，我統稱之為「表意深度」。本人的研究即是以女書和女歌為例，來探討「表意深度」這一課題，並藉以揭示其中性別、階層、音聲、權力、展演和史敘（historiography）之間錯綜複雜的關係。
田野行旅首航
1992年攝於湖南省江永縣河淵村 |
|
