Global China, Double Consciousness, and the Specter of Racism in Angola
安哥拉的全球化中國、雙重意識和種族主義的幽靈
Dr. Cheryl Mei-ting Schmitz 潘美婷
Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Institute of Anthropology, ECNU, China
中國華東師範大學人類學研究所博士後研究
Dr. Derek Sheridan 謝力登
Assistant Research Fellow, Institute of Ethnology, AS
中研院民族學研究所助研究員
2019年12月16日上午10點至12點
民族所新館3樓2319會議室
In 1903, W.E.B. DuBois wrote of the experience of racialization: “It is a particular sensation, this double consciousness, this way of always looking at one’s self through the eyes of others, of measuring one’s soul by the tape of a world that looks on in amused contempt and pity.” Although his focus was on the Black diasporic experience, he understood “double consciousness” to apply to all former victims of imperialism, colonization, enslavement or degradation, including those in Asia. A century later, as a globally expansive China emerges as a powerful investor and source of entrepreneurial migrant labor in Africa, a question arises about the legacy of this once shared condition. Drawing on fieldwork conducted in Angola from 2013-2014, I examine evaluative discourses about economic development and cultural difference among Chinese, Angolan, and other international actors brought together under a controversial Chinese-funded program for postwar national reconstruction. As I will show, racism haunts these discourses, in which global Chinese subjects are both subject to racialization and complicit in the perpetuation of racial hierarchies.
1903年，W.E.B. DuBois這樣描寫他所經歷的種族分化：「這是一種不一樣的感受，好比一個人同時擁有兩種意識，他總是透過別人的視角來定義自身，用這個時代特有的消遣式的蔑視和憐憫來衡量內心」。雖然這段話原本是用來描述「黑人」的離散經歷，但是DuBois所理解的「雙重意識」是包括亞洲在內的所有經歷帝國主義、殖民、奴役或吞併的人們的共同遭遇。而一個世紀之後當中國開始在全球範圍內施展它的力量，尤其開始在非洲投資、為移民勞工製造就業機會時，這個近100年前的問題好像重新進入了我們的視野。這場講座中講座人將以其2013至2014年在安哥拉的田野經歷為基礎，探討中國人、安哥拉人、以及中國借助安哥拉戰後國家重建而設立的中資項目框架下所牽扯的其它利益相關者對於經濟發展與文化差異的評述性話語。講座人將指出一個全球化的中國是如何在遭受種族化的同時參與了種族階序的固化，使得種族主義依然陰魂不散。
Cheryl Mei-ting Schmitz 潘美婷 earned her PhD in Anthropology from the University of California, Berkeley, in 2017, and from 2017 to 2019 served as a Global Perspectives on Society Teaching Fellow at NYU Shanghai. Schmitz takes an ethnographic approach to explore the meaning of Chinese globalization, looking specifically at connections between China and the African continent. From 2013-2014, she conducted extended fieldwork with Chinese businesses in Angola, which resulted in a study of everyday encounters among various international actors brought together under a controversial Chinese-funded program for Angolan postwar reconstruction. Her writing has appeared in the Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, the Journal of Material Culture, and the Journal of Current Chinese Affairs. Her broader research interests include cultural and linguistic translation, work and consumerism, and anti-imperialist politics.
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