中研院民族所

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友誼的張力：解讀坦中關係中的相互依存和「（非）干涉」
Tensions of Friendship: Interpreting Interdependence and (Non)-Interference in Sino-Tanzanian Relations

謝力登 Derek Sheridan
中央研究院民族學研究所助研究員

2022年1月24日上午10點至12點

中央研究院民族學研究所舊館三樓第一會議室（實體會議地點，視疫情變化若改為線上會議將另行通知）

Starting in the 1960s, the Chinese and Tanzanian states developed a cooperative relationship premised on the principle of the “poor helping the poor” (Monson 2009). The principle reflected broader a Third World project of institutionalizing global interdependence “without domination” (Getachew 2019). In the past several decades, however, the relationship has shifted from the socialist-inflected model of the “poor helping the poor” to the capitalist-inflected model of the ‘newly rich helping the still poor.’ The transformation, facilitated in part by Tanzanian and Chinese migration, has changed the structural foundations underlying a project represented and idealized in diplomatic discourse as “friendship.” In this talk, I examine how contested representations of the relationship in Tanzania reflect contested interpretations about the nature of global interdependence in the context of South-South cooperation. Focusing on two sites of knowledge production: a public seminar discussing a public opinion survey, and conversations with traders, I explore the paradox that while the Tanzania-China relationship is represented by officials as depending on people-to-people relationships, the people-to-people relations formed by Chinese and Tanzanians themselves through commerce are also seen to potentially destabilize the Sino-Tanzania relationship. I argue the contradiction reflects a larger contradiction between the principle of “non-interference” and conditions of uneven interdependence.

從六零年代開始，中國和坦桑尼亞發展以「貧窮協助貧窮」原則為前提的合作關係 (Monson 2009)。該原則反映更廣泛的制度化無霸權全球互相依存的第三世界計劃(Getachew 2019)。然而，在過去的幾十年，這種關係已經從原本的「貧窮協助貧窮」的社會主義模式轉變為新富救濟（還是）貧窮的資本主義模式。此轉變（部分由坦桑尼亞人和中國移民促成）已經改變了在外交華語中表示及理想化為「友誼」的計劃基本的結構基礎。在本演講中，我將使用在坦桑尼亞本地被「辯論」的中坦關係去反映南南合作脈絡中全球互相依存本質。在這裡有兩個關鍵的知識生產場域：一個討論民意調查結果的公共研討會以及我與批發市場裡貿易商的對話，比照之下會出現一個矛盾：即坦桑尼亞與中國的關係雖然由官員代表取決於人與人之間的關係，但中國人和坦桑尼亞人自己通過商業建立的民間關係仍被認為可能威脅中坦關係的穩定。我認為，這種矛盾反映了「不干涉」原則與相互依存不均的條件之間的有更大張力。

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聯絡人

陶曉萱，02-2652-3324，hsiaotao@gate.sinica.edu.tw