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Scientific Holiness: A Techno-social History of Biomedical Halalness and Vaccine Sovereignty in Indonesia

趙恩潔 副教授（國立中山大學社會系）

2023年2月13日（一）上午10點至12點

中央研究院民族學研究所新館三樓第三會議室

This paper reconstructs a techno-social history of biomedical halalness in Indonesia. Until very recently, vaccines, halal or not, were almost always allowed (dibolehkan) for the reason of “dire necessity” (darurat), often referring to a medical emergency. In recent years, however, the principle has been increasingly replaced by an avid pursuit of halal vaccines, evidenced by parents’ refusal of non-halal vaccines for children and the halal discourse surrounding Indonesian-made vaccines, most notably the IndoVac and Merah Putih (Red White, referring to the national flag), both COVID-19 vaccines. Contextualizing the specific documents of Islamic legal advice (fatwa) on polio, meningitis and covid-19 vaccines, I demonstrate how and why vaccines have become a productive site that embodies the fraught relations between Islam and biomedical nationalism. Here, influential Muslim jurists and pharmaceutical scientists have chosen a uniquely Indonesian-style Islamo-scientific interpretation of the materiality of porcine enzymes, duck feathers and human hair involved in the manufacturing process of various vaccines.